Polarized Sunglasses first became available in 1936, when Edwin H. Land began experimenting with making lenses with his patented Polaroid filter. It is said that the Roman emperor Nero liked to watch gladiator fights with emeralds. These, however, seem to have worked rather like mirrors. Study of smoky quartz crystals, which offered no corrective powers but to protect the eyes from glare were used in China in the 12th century or earlier. Contemporary documents describe the use of such crystals by judges in Chinese courts to conceal their facial expressions while questioning witnesses. James Ayscough began experimenting with tinted lenses of his glasses in the mid-18th century, around 1752. They were not "sunglasses" as such; Ayscough believed blue-green tinted glass to correct specific vision problems. Protection from the sun's rays was not a concern for him.
Yellow, orange and brown eye also an issue often prescribed for people with syphilis in the 19th and early 20th century, because the sensitivity to light was one of the symptoms of the disease. In Inuit walrus ivory flat prehistoric and historic used "glasses", looking through narrow openings to block the sun's harmful rays reflected. In the early 1900s, the use of sunglasses started to become more widespread, especially among the stars of silent movies. It is commonly believed that this was to avoid recognition by fans, but the real reason was that they often had perennially eyes bright red arc lamps that were made due to the existence of very low speed films use stereotypes persist long after improving film quality and the introduction of ultraviolet filters had eliminated this problem. Cheap sunglasses produced in series were introduced to America by Sam Foster in 1929. Foster found a ready market on the beaches of Atlantic City, New Jersey, where he began selling designer polarized sunglasses under the name Foster granting of a Woolworth on the Paseo Marítimo.
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